Studies summaries
Hormones
- Chemicals released by the endocrine system. Some are released into the blood, so they take longer and have longer effects(all of the hormones here). Only active target cells
- Oxytocin – produced by hypothalamus and released by pituitary gland. Has role in social interaction and sexual reproduction
- Ferguson et al(2000) – necessary for the development of social memory and recognizing familiar members. May be useful to explain autism.
- De Dreu et al(2012) – increases cooperation with in-group and increases competition with out-group
- Ditzen et al (2009) – may regulate stress response by suppressing activity of amygdala
- Cortisol – regulate metabolism, assist with memory formation and produced when stress
- Newcomer et al(1999) – long term cortisol is bad for memory
- Testosterone – produced for reproduction purposes, plays role in facilitating aggressive behaviour and facilitates risk-taking behaviour
- Ronay and con Hippel(2010)
- Adrenaline – plays role in ‘fight or flight’ response and may have role in memory formation.
- Cahill and McGaugh(1995) – amygdala play significant role in creation of memories linked to emotional arousal
Pheromones
- Chemical messenger that communicates information(eg. Fertility or sexual attractiveness) from one member of a species to another. Released into environment.
- Androstadienone(can be found in male semen)/ Estratetraenol(can be found in female urine) – may influence sexual behaviour – Zhou et al(2014)
- CC: Hare et al(2017) - no difference in face recognition when exposed to pheromones.
- Doucet et al(2009) – infants will do sucking action when exposed to pheromones of mother’s areolar gland. Builds attachment between mother and infant.
- Wedekind(1995) – smell of dissimilar MHC gene was more pleasant. Influences mate choice.
Information is mostly complied from:
Popov, Alexey. Psychology: for the IB Diploma. 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2018.
Crane, John. “IB Psychology.” ThinkIB Student Pages, www.student.thinkib.net/psychology?lg=8007.
Photo: “In Honor of Valentines Day, We Introduce the ‘Celebritide’ Oxytocin Also Known as the Love Hormone.” AmbioPharm, www.ambiopharm.com/articles/in-honor-of-valentines-day-we-introduce-the-celebritide-oxytocin-also-known-as-the-love-hormone/.
Popov, Alexey. Psychology: for the IB Diploma. 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2018.
Crane, John. “IB Psychology.” ThinkIB Student Pages, www.student.thinkib.net/psychology?lg=8007.
Photo: “In Honor of Valentines Day, We Introduce the ‘Celebritide’ Oxytocin Also Known as the Love Hormone.” AmbioPharm, www.ambiopharm.com/articles/in-honor-of-valentines-day-we-introduce-the-celebritide-oxytocin-also-known-as-the-love-hormone/.